tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57561741249352000182024-03-14T15:57:53.272+08:00AIR HIDUPSay (O Muhammad ): "Tell me! If (all) your water were to be sunk away, who then can supply you with flowing (spring) water?" (Al-Mulk 67:30)Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00060039641354872302noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756174124935200018.post-12713809307909212952012-03-29T21:02:00.001+08:002012-03-30T22:30:01.507+08:00STUDYING THE POTENTIAL AND NEED OF WATER RESOURCINGIn water resourcing, among the main objectives are to really understand the water demand and its fluctuating effects besides the potential of the available resources, i.e. surface water or groundwater.<br />
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A good water resourcing studies shall evaluate every angles of the available water potential in terms of quantity, quality, economical to develop and even to the extend of conjunctive usage between surface and ground water resources.</div>
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Surface water seem to be popular to the local authority since it can be easily identified, measured and treated, but the major disadvantages of surface water, it can be easily affected by pollution, especially in an urban environment.</div>
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The next best alternative is to tap ground water from the local area. Ground water in most cases can easily be developed and utilized, provide that proper abstraction methodology is applied.</div>
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The ground formation in which ground water is confine known as aquifer can be visualized as in fig.2 below:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizo77EAJwpUFjVvvrIIR44Let2VBIxJ3gIp_wF0Qs61Q70d7yqMvgKybJeI_JMy09EJhQwqk-_Vx0htCSuzCH4GvURjpUYmCJLfHFHMrUAt6qRfhJT5ufPmI2o1yrbd4AVc5n1V0R_GrB_/s1600/GROUNDWATER+AQUIFER2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizo77EAJwpUFjVvvrIIR44Let2VBIxJ3gIp_wF0Qs61Q70d7yqMvgKybJeI_JMy09EJhQwqk-_Vx0htCSuzCH4GvURjpUYmCJLfHFHMrUAt6qRfhJT5ufPmI2o1yrbd4AVc5n1V0R_GrB_/s400/GROUNDWATER+AQUIFER2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Fig.2: Ground water aquifer</div>
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Ground water aquifer potential varies due to several factors, mainly its geology and hydro geology, in other words, the type of soil formation and its properties, and depth that contribute the piezometric pressure to speed up the flow rate of ground water upon abstraction. </div>
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In Malaysia, shallow aquifer being highly utilized in the East Coast region such as Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The deep aquifer is more popular in the West Coast region such as in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur.</div>
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The shallow aquifer of depth less than 30 meters exist in old river bed, valley and coastal area of sandy formation, while the deep aquifer of depth greater than 30 meters and even reached to 200 meters is tapped from the fractured zone of hard rock formation such as in granite, meta sediments of shale, schist etc. or cavities of limestone. </div>
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The flow rates of these ground water wells depend much on the geology and hydro geology, and also dependent on the construction technology and the well design of the production well.</div>
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The selection and the design of a good groundwater production well shall required ground water expertise of good knowledge and experience. </div>
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coming next... groundwater well drilling and construction technology...</div>
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<br /></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00060039641354872302noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756174124935200018.post-47940607995838302452012-03-29T18:30:00.001+08:002012-03-30T22:30:18.284+08:00WATER RESOURCING<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Water as what we seen, exist in two common forms known as surface water and groundwater. What we see at the surface such as river, lakes etc are known as surface water while groundwater exist and stored underneath the ground level. Both supplies eventually come from rainfall and evaluate in cycle known as Hydrology Cycle and the summarized image sample as shown in Fig.1.</span><span id="goog_717884888"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHC7R0QUkGwztaSDg0vbRD4eJiBKW0cu3inwx4H40KJHhVMqGNS_uW39HIK6Y_PVpY6A6Fbg7qmyDSzKtOLfWWZU95Qin3oY32KsVHBQCCOJ5c5uVek4jV5pot7uXqa_Fmh9ipIphLx363/s1600/HYDROLOGY+CYCLE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHC7R0QUkGwztaSDg0vbRD4eJiBKW0cu3inwx4H40KJHhVMqGNS_uW39HIK6Y_PVpY6A6Fbg7qmyDSzKtOLfWWZU95Qin3oY32KsVHBQCCOJ5c5uVek4jV5pot7uXqa_Fmh9ipIphLx363/s400/HYDROLOGY+CYCLE.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span id="goog_837729110"></span><span id="goog_837729111"></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00060039641354872302noreply@blogger.com0